ABSTRACT
This chapter covers basic devices such as metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) with both long and short-channel operations. It discusses photo devices and other related devices. Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology continues to be the dominant technology for fabricating integrated circuits. The understanding of MOSFET is very crucial in CMOS circuit design. The typical photodetector devices are photodiode and phototransistor. Photo devices are considered “sensor” devices, which in the future, other devices could be integrated into the standard CMOS process or technology. The transition frequency of a transistor is the frequency when the current gain is unity. Flicker noise is, in general, a phenomenon observed in many systems with an inverse frequency dependence of the noise spectral density over a wide frequency regime.
