ABSTRACT
Knowledge of the oscillator and interface circuitry is important for a complete custom analog and mixed-signal integrated circuits. The oscillator can be used in more advanced oscillatory, such as phase-locked loop. However, the phase-locked loop is normally required for a very accurate source requirement. A basic built-in oscillator is normally sufficient for standalone analog or mixed-signal integrated circuits. The control clock is basically generated from the controller or master controller integrated circuit. This circuit is normally used for data control. There should be “synchronization” between clock, data, and control/latch. Obviously for output, the parallel configuration is preferred due to its fast operation. However, if the input/output (I/O) is limited, high-speed serial output, such as low-voltage differential signaling interface can be used.
