ABSTRACT
This chapter looks at civil rights activities by the several communities of color and their background. As America’s color line includes more hues than black and white, so did the Civil Rights Movement that emerged after World War II. By the beginning of the twentieth century, most Indian land had been expropriated, Indian nations had been consigned to reservations, the government’s allotment program had reduced Indian landholdings even further, and the termination program was ending federal recognition of Indian nations along with treaty obligations to them. In 1972 American Indian movement co-sponsored the Trail of Broken Treaties with the Native American Youth Council and other American Indian organizations, including the Native American Rights Fund. During the post-war period, Native American lobbying and agitation successfully opposed the government’s termination policy. The League of United Latin American Citizens, founded in 1929, was for many years the main Latino civil rights organization, centered in the Mexican American communities of the Southwest.
