ABSTRACT
Capsicum assamicum, popularly known as Naga chilli or Bhut Jolokia, is a chilli species endemic to Northeast region of India and is widely cultivated in the states of Assam, Nagaland, and Manipur. It is one of the top ten hottest chillies in the world and is popular for its pungency and aroma, peculiar to this chilli species. It is consumed either raw or as a spice in culinary preparations and also used traditionally for home remedies against several ailments for ages. Its high capsaicin content of 3–5 percent makes it the most promising chilli species for extraction of oleoresin on a commercial scale, having wide applications in pharmaceutical and defense sectors, besides its use as a value-added product.
