ABSTRACT

This book demonstrates that copper-alloy casting was widespread in southern Nigeria and has been practiced for at least a millennium.

Philip M. Peek’s research provides a critical context for the better-known casting traditions of Igbo-Ukwu, Ife, and Benin. Both the necessary ores and casting skills were widely available, contrary to previous scholarly assumptions. The majority of the Lower Niger Bronzes, which we know number in the thousands, are of subjects not found elsewhere, such as leopard skull replicas, grotesque bell heads, ritual objects, and humanoid figures. Important puzzle pieces are now in place to permit a more complete reconstruction of southern Nigerian history.

The book will be of interest to scholars working in art history, African studies, African history, and anthropology.

chapter 1|8 pages

Introduction

Fagg’s Prophecy, Previous Research, and Lower Niger Bronze Forms

chapter 2|9 pages

Historical and Ethnographic Background

chapter 4|11 pages

Manillas and Bracelets

chapter 5|9 pages

Replicas, Skeumorphs, and Vessels

chapter 6|17 pages

The Ọvọ/Ọfọ/Ovuo Complex

chapter 7|20 pages

Human and Humanoid Figures

chapter 8|13 pages

Heads, Faces, and Costume Masks

chapter 11|25 pages

Bells and Bell Heads

chapter 12|11 pages

Scepter Finials and the “Aro Knot”

chapter 14|30 pages

The End Game

Possible Solutions for an Ongoing Puzzle