ABSTRACT
Artificial Intelligence is one of the most popular phrases in mass media nowadays inspiring scientists, world leaders and average people. This chapter explains the key definitions and concepts related to AI starting with the difference between weak and strong AI, and the review of some of the features related to the second one: creativity, consciousness (and later self-awareness as a next level), and feelings. The idea and challenges around the famous Turing test and the Aquarium Metaphor are also discussed. The rules and guidelines connected with the AI techniques are significant part of this chapter, followed by the deeply analysed examples of various problems solved by AI while extremely difficult or even impossible for older methods (mainly due to the computational complexity). The Reader will find also a quite extensive discussion on why and how popular board games (like chess or the game of Go) are widely recognised as a valuable indicator of AI efficiency. Finally the chapters ends with comparative analysis of human abilities and societies structures with the benefits and possibilities the AI methods can release.
