ABSTRACT
An antenna is a transducer which can convert electrical energy into radio waves and vice versa. This is an integral part of any wireless communication system. Wireless communication has played an important role in global connectivity, and this cannot be achieved without an antenna. Hence, an antenna is an integral part of any wireless system. There has been continual development worldwide since World War II to the present era of 5G. Wide operating bandwidth is a very important antenna parameter. Faster data speeds can only be achieved if wide band antennas are integrated into the wireless system. High data rates have become the need of the hour for 5G communication. MIMO (multi input multi output) antennas are used for 5G communication. These applications use different types of antennas for communication at different frequency spectrums, i.e. HF, VHF, UHF and SHF (microwave frequencies to optical frequencies). Nano DRAs are compact, wideband, high gain, THz frequency spectrum and most efficient antennas for the use of 5G applications.
