ABSTRACT
There are hundreds of possible individual causes of confusion. Patients with acute confusion are usually elderly and often present out of hours via a call from an anxious relative or neighbour. This chapter presents a discussion on the causes, diagnosis, and investigation of some of the cerebral symptoms encountered by patients. It provides a general practitioner overview, differential diagnosis, possible investigations, and top tips for dealing with the cerebral symptoms. The cerebral symptoms discussed are acute confusion, dizziness, hallucinations, headache, insomnia, loss of sex-drive, memory loss, and vertigo. The differential diagnosis include common, occasional, and rare causes of the cerebral symptoms.
