ABSTRACT
In 1957 the Standard’s and Poor’s index was created, one of the most important stock indexes in the United States. The index reflects the changes in the average value of the shares of the 500 largest companies listed on the US Stock Exchange, weighted according to the market capitalization of each. The human resources expert, David Van Rooy, says, Companies at the Dow Jones Industrial Average have changed forty-eight times since the index was founded in 1896. Companies must be able to change quickly based on external circumstances because the change from the outside of the company has been coming at an ever-increasing speed. Business leaders must be vigilant and detect changes in the environment to adapt, accommodate, change with, and move with them. Successful companies challenge the comfort zone of the familiar, comfortable, and stable, and they embrace innovation and change.
