ABSTRACT
The design considerations for the piping system are the function of the specifics of the system. However, all piping systems have a few common issues: The pipe strength must be able to resist internal pressure, handling, and earth and traffic loads; the pipe characteristics must enable the pipe to withstand corrosion and abrasion and expansion and contraction of the pipeline. With today’s water and wastewater conveyance, not that much has changed from the past. The goal remains the same: convey water from source to treatment facility to user and convey wastewater from user to treatment to the environment. For water and wastewater operations in particular, the piping system is all-inclusive; it includes both the network of pipes, valves, and other components that bring the flow to the treatment facility, as well as piping, valves, and other components that distribute treated water to the end-user and/or treated wastewater to outfall.
