ABSTRACT
The exposure time for the A-P full spine is the longest exposure time that one typically experiences. Radiography of the lumbar spine region will provide the greatest radiation exposure to the patient. For this reason, accurate positioning, measurements, and gonadal protection is very important. The technique is based on measurements at the umbilicus. The A-P full spine is included in the lumbar region because the basic technical factors are established to visualize the lumbar spine and pelvis. The A-P or P-A lumbopelvis view is used only by chiropractors. Patients should lock knees and remove shoes for the lumbar spine and full spine studies. They should also have their feet placed at about shoulder-width apart to minimize motion. All of the lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx views can be taken A-P or P-A. The P-A views will have more magnification but will reduce the exposure for female patients.
