ABSTRACT
A tissue culture technique allows the cultivation of cells, tissues and organs in vitro in natural medium or in artificial medium, but reproducing as far as is practicable the conditions in vivo. The potentiality of protoplast culture in foreign gene incorporation and of pollen culture in the production of haploids is immense. One of the important factors in tissue culture is the apparatus used for cultivating the tissue. Sub-culture from the primary explant is an essential step in tissue culture. The necessity of maintaining strictly aseptic conditions at all phases of tissue culture, including sterilization of the object, tools, medium, etc., is obvious. In somatic cell fusion, the present goal is to achieve limited gene transfer through the production of asymmetric hybrids and cybrids. There are at present a number of physical methods of transformation of plant cell through transfer of foreign DNA, chromosome fragments or chromosomes, involving cell cultures.
