ABSTRACT
The blueprint for constructing an organism resides within the hereditary genetic material, typically referred to as DNA. This DNA comprises linear sequences of four distinct nucleotides, serving as the driving force behind protein synthesis, the essential components responsible for the cell’s functionality. Nonetheless, an intermediary molecule is indispensable for transmitting information from DNA to proteins, and this intermediary is known as RNA. This fundamental principle is acknowledged as the central tenet of biology, wherein DNA sequences are converted into RNA sequences, ultimately culminating in the creation of proteins. These proteins play pivotal roles in providing structural integrity and Executing enzymatic functions within cells and organisms. While extensive research over the past six decades has uncovered intricate details adding complexity to this process, the fundamental “DNA-RNA-protein” flow remains a cornerstone in molecular biology [1].
