ABSTRACT

Women’s Criminalisation and Offending in Australia and New Zealand offers new research and analysis of women’s offending and criminalisation in Australia and New Zealand from British settlement through to the late twentieth/early twenty-first centuries. Drawing attention to women as offenders as understood in a multitude of ways, this collection highlights how women have been involved with crime and criminal behaviour, their treatment inside and outside of courts and prisons, and how women’s deviation from societal norms have attracted negative attention throughout the decades. For Aboriginal and Māori women especially, the responses were harsher than what they could be for non-indigenous women.

The chapters cover a broad range of transgressions that women have been actively involved with, including theft, drug and alcohol abuse and offences, organised crime, and homicide, as well as how women’s behaviour and their bodies have been criminalised and responded to by authorities. What this collection demonstrates is that women have often chosen to be involved with crime and criminality, while on other occasions their behaviour, innocent as it was, was not considered acceptable by contemporaries, resulting in confusion and misapprehension of women who refused to fit a mould.

Women’s Criminalisation and Offending in Australia and New Zealand brings together historical and criminological methods, theories, and scholars to shed light on how Australia and New Zealand’s colonial, later state, and national governments have sought to understand, control, and punish women. This collection will be of interest and value to scholars, students, and everyone with an interest in criminology, history, law, sociology, Indigenous studies, and Australian and New Zealand studies.

chapter |14 pages

Introduction

Women's Criminalisation and Offending in Australia and New Zealand

chapter 1|18 pages

Free Women and Short Hair

Cropping, Convictism, and Reform in Van Diemen's Land

chapter 2|16 pages

A ‘very lamentable case’

Indigenous women as defendants in the upper courts of Western Australia, 1830–1890

chapter 3|16 pages

Understanding criminality in context

Melbourne's female underworld, 1860–1920

chapter 5|14 pages

Complicating the ‘unfeminine’

Agency and insanity in female convictions for murder, Victoria, 1880–1916

chapter 6|13 pages

“The whole community is poisoned against her”

Perceptions and motives of female poisoners in late-nineteenth-century Australia

chapter 7|15 pages

‘Female masqueraders’ and vagrants

Gender diversity in the criminal justice system in early-twentieth-century Victoria

chapter 9|14 pages

Selective Gendered Regime of Deportation

The Historical Deportation of Women During the White Australia Policy Era

chapter 10|18 pages

Herstories of alcohol and other drug use and imprisonment

Understanding women's experiences of the Victorian correctional landscape, 1860–1920

chapter 11|16 pages

Wāhine Toa and the Korowai

Female Warriors and the Patch