ABSTRACT

This book explores the history and legacy of monuments to the fallen from the Francoist side in the Spanish Civil War. Del Arco Blanco studies thousands of monuments in towns and cities across Spain to provide a detailed account of the history and memory of the civil war, Francoism, and the transition to democracy.

Chapters in the book focus on the myth of those said to have 'fallen for God and for Spain'—a phrase that encapsulated and shaped the dichotomy between ‘good’ and ‘bad’ Spaniards. They also focus on the use of monuments to control political and ideological ideals and to legitimise the Francoist dictatorship. Further chapters study Spanish society’s struggle to deal with its past of mass killing, denial, and exclusion. Del Arco Blanco also pays attention to the way the Francoist authorities used monuments and memory for their political and ideological advantage and to control people, power as well as the political agenda.

The book draws on extensive research to reconstruct both the specific history of monuments scattered throughout the country and their role within manipulative Francoist memory of the Spanish Civil War. In these ways, monuments helped shape the Francoist narrative and memory, but they also became part of the landscape of contemporary Spanish history.

This book is an excellent resource for postgraduate students and professional researchers studying the aftermath of the Spanish Civil War, and the influence of monuments on the construction of national memory, culture, and society in Spain both at the time and through to the present day.

chapter |14 pages

Introduction

part I|70 pages

The ‘Crusade’ and the monuments to those ‘fallen for God and for Spain’

chapter 1|40 pages

The forge

The Spanish Civil War and the birth of the myth of the fallen

chapter 2|28 pages

Stone by stone

Building the monuments to the fallen

part II|111 pages

The aesthetics and meanings of the monuments

chapter 3|25 pages

Monuments to signify the true Spain

Meanings and style

chapter 4|32 pages

A profile of the Spanish nation

The typology of the monuments

chapter 5|23 pages

In stone and in all places

Materials and sites of memory

chapter 6|29 pages

The national monument to those fallen for Spain

El Valle de los Caídos (The Valley of the Fallen)

part III|100 pages

The monuments to the fallen from the start of the Franco regime to the present day (1939–2022)

chapter 8|29 pages

The first cracks

The decline of the myth of the fallen and conflicts over the monuments in dictatorship and democracy (1960–2000)

chapter |6 pages

Conclusion

Crosses and Echoes of Memory and Forgetting