ABSTRACT

This book addresses how institutional and diplomatic rituals shaped the European Union’s sanction of Hamas after the latter’s success in the 2006 Palestinian legislative elections. Through a lens of performance and performativity it explains how socialisation and the duress of performative rituals shapes agency and prevents the possibility of being creative with policy initiatives when confronted with difficult decisions.

Interviews with senior Hamas representatives, EU bureaucrats, members of the European External Action Service, and electoral observers from Palestine and Europe, in addition to ethnographic research in Gaza and in Brussels, recreate the details of the failed diplomacy between Hamas and the EU. The book explores the social and visual cultures and discourses that shape the recognition of contemporary subjects, and it presents Hamas’s response to being treated as a terrorist movement. It advances queer and postcolonial understandings of European-Palestinian political encounter by interrogating the bureaucratic and professional pressures that shape the political agency of EU civil servants and the recognition of Palestinian politics.

This is a performative and interdisciplinary text; it juxtaposes empirical investigation, with critical theory, performance art and everyday experiences. It will appeal to students of International Relations, Interdisciplinary Studies, Middle-East Area Studies, Foreign Policy and Diplomacy Analysis and Gender Studies.

chapter |18 pages

Introduction

A performative account of Hamas in Gaza and the EU in Brussels

chapter 1|38 pages

Bodies in spaces

Entering, belonging and being in Gaza and in Brussels

chapter 2|39 pages

‘Don’t look at me like that’

Un-recognising Hamas’s political performance

chapter 3|38 pages

Democracy performed

Hamas and the EU performing change through the 2006 Palestinian legislative elections

chapter 4|53 pages

‘Perform or else’

The EU’s ‘failure’ to respond to Hamas’s success in the 2006 Palestinian legislative elections

chapter 5|51 pages

The performativity of threat

The EU and Hamas through the violent policy of conditionality

chapter |10 pages

Conclusion

Post-performance policy proposals