ABSTRACT

Making Sense of Statistics, Eighth Edition, is the ideal introduction to the concepts of descriptive and inferential statistics for students undertaking their first research project. It presents each statistical concept in a series of short steps, then uses worked examples and exercises to enable students to apply their own learning.

It focuses on presenting the “why,” as well as the “how” of statistical concepts, rather than computations and formulas. As such, it is suitable for students from all disciplines regardless of mathematical background. Only statistical techniques that are almost universally included in introductory statistics courses, and widely reported in journals, have been included.

This conceptual book is useful for all study levels, from undergraduate to doctoral level across disciplines. Once students understand and feel comfortable with the statistics presented in this book, they should find it easy to master additional statistical concepts.

New to the Eighth Edition

  • Reorganization of chapters to allow better progress in conceptual understanding
  • Additional discussions on program evaluation, displays of outcomes, and examples
  • Chapter objectives at the beginning of each chapter are listed with clear learning objectives for the reader
  • Expanded appendices include a reference to common computational formulas and examples
  • A glossary of key terms has been updated to function as a useful vocabulary list for use in a first course in statistics
  • Updated online resources, including a basic math review and answers, PowerPoint slides, and a test bank of questions

part A|24 pages

The Research Context

chapter Chapter 1|6 pages

The Empirical Approach to Knowledge

chapter Chapter 2|6 pages

Types of Empirical Research

chapter Chapter 3|6 pages

Scales of Measurement

part B|32 pages

Sampling

chapter Chapter 5|6 pages

Introduction to Sampling

chapter Chapter 6|8 pages

Random Sampling

chapter Chapter 7|8 pages

Sample Size

chapter Chapter 8|8 pages

Standard Error of the Mean and Central Limit Theorem

part C|40 pages

Descriptive Statistics

chapter Chapter 9|4 pages

Frequencies, Percentages, and Proportions

chapter Chapter 10|6 pages

Shapes of Distributions

chapter Chapter 11|4 pages

The Mean

An Average

chapter Chapter 12|6 pages

Mean, Median, and Mode

chapter Chapter 13|6 pages

Range and Interquartile Range

chapter Chapter 14|6 pages

Standard Deviation

chapter Chapter 15|6 pages

z Score

part D|36 pages

Correlational Statistics

chapter Chapter 16|6 pages

Correlation

chapter Chapter 17|6 pages

Pearson r

chapter Chapter 18|10 pages

Scattergram

chapter Chapter 19|6 pages

Coefficient of Determination

chapter Chapter 20|6 pages

Multiple Correlation

part E|20 pages

Inferential Statistics

chapter Chapter 21|6 pages

Introduction to Hypothesis Testing

chapter Chapter 22|6 pages

Decisions about the Null Hypothesis

chapter Chapter 23|6 pages

Limitations and Implications of Significance Testing

part F|50 pages

Means Comparison

chapter Chapter 24|8 pages

Introduction to the t Test

chapter Chapter 25|6 pages

Independent Samples t Test

chapter Chapter 26|6 pages

Dependent Samples t Test

chapter Chapter 27|4 pages

One-Sample t Test

chapter Chapter 28|6 pages

Reporting the Results of t Tests

Display of Outcomes

chapter Chapter 29|8 pages

One-Way ANOVA

chapter Chapter 30|10 pages

Two-Way ANOVA

part G|20 pages

Predictive Significance

chapter Chapter 31|6 pages

Chi-Square Test

chapter Chapter 32|6 pages

Effect Size

chapter Chapter 33|6 pages

Simple and Multiple Linear Regression