ABSTRACT

This volume is a collection of a variety of important records that will give readers insight into key themes into the history of what its criminal code called “the unnatural and detestable sin of buggery”- sex between males - in the Royal Navy. The richest sources are transcripts of trials, including ones that erupted into public scandals and ones that provide a vivid window into the sexual cultures of the navy. The book also provides lists of important records in the naval archive and will serve as a guide to finding and interpreting them. This important volume, accompanied by extensive editorial commentary, opens up this history and archive to researchers, teachers, and students studying queer history, the history of gender and sexuality, and naval and maritime history.

chapter |13 pages

Introduction

The British Navy and the Queer Age of Sail

part 1|68 pages

Tolerance and Punishment

chapter 1|2 pages

“The Unnatural and Detestable Sin”

The Ban on Same-Sex Contact in the Articles of War (1661 and 1749)

chapter 2|3 pages

“He was Pleased with All his other Attempts upon him”

Relationships between Three Sailors from HMS Expedition (1705)

chapter 3|1 pages

Vigilante Violence

An Attack on a Member of the “Vile Clan” (1731)

chapter 4|1 pages

Avoiding Trial

A Newspaper Reports Discretionary Punishments (1735)

chapter 5|6 pages

Sex in the Foretop

The Trial of Hugh Ducaty and William Tofts (1738)

chapter 6|2 pages

“A Very Extraordinary Kind of Sea Discipline”

“Amazonian” Women Punish Buggery on HMS Princess Amelia (1742)

chapter 7|2 pages

Punishing and Permitting Same-Sex Acts at Sea

Press Coverage (1747, 1757)

chapter 8|11 pages

Executing a Boy for Buggery

The George Newton and Thomas Finley Trial (1761)

chapter 9|2 pages

“I did What I had No Right to do”

Captain Graham Moore Chooses Summary Punishment (1788, 1793)

chapter 10|19 pages

“Striking Examples”

The Admiralty Attempts to Punish Marine James Parker (1811)

chapter 11|6 pages

How to Prosecute Same-Sex Acts

Naval Jurist John McArthur on Buggery at Sea (1813)

chapter 12|8 pages

“The Last Person in the Ship I should have Suspected”

The Trial of Seaman Thomas Randall (1815)

chapter 13|3 pages

“A Tragic Incident”

Lieutenant John Towne's Account of a Buggery Hanging (1833)

part 2|59 pages

Queer Tars

chapter 1|4 pages

“It was Much Better to Lay with One Another”

Quartermaster Thomas Pike Plans an Assignation on HMS York (1701)

chapter 2|2 pages

“An Odd Affair Which Lately Happened”

A Cross-Dressing Cabin Boy (1739)

chapter 3|8 pages

“A Correspondence … Not Fit to be Named”

Tobias Smollett's Captain Whiffle and Mr. Simper (1748)

chapter 4|9 pages

“A Backdoor Man”

Marine Officers Fight over Masculinity in a Plymouth Tavern (1755)

chapter 5|14 pages

“Tender Expressions … Not Becoming Men”

Intimacy Between Officers on HMS Raven (1775)

chapter 6|3 pages

“The Little Female Tar”

A Cross-Dressing Sailor Testifies in a Buggery Trial (1809)

chapter 7|8 pages

“I am No Man to be Tried by a Court Martial”

A Sailor Pleads “Neutrality of Gender” (1803)

chapter 8|3 pages

“The Childish Vice of Boys”

Adolescent Sexual Activity Aboard HMS Africaine (1816)

chapter 9|6 pages

“A Thorn has been Given him in the Flesh”

Naval Officer James Woolls Describes His Same-Sex Desire (1818)

part 3|75 pages

In Print

chapter 2|3 pages

“Any Port in a Storm”

A Sailor Risks Sodomy in Fanny Hill (1748)

chapter 3|3 pages

The Lieutenant Thomas Wye Affair

A Buggery Case on Shore (1755–56)

chapter 4|2 pages

“Indecent Familiarities with Mankind”

William Benbow Recalls the Captain Charles Sawyer Scandal (1796, 1823)

chapter 5|35 pages

“A Case of Unparalleled Hardship”

Lieutenant Arthur W. Adair Appeals to the Nation for Justice (1807, 1809)

chapter 6|25 pages

“A Full Acquittal”

Captain Thomas G. Muston Insists on his Innocence in Print (1812)

chapter 7|3 pages

“Familiarity with Gross Pollution”

Captain Edward Hawker on Female Sex Workers and Same-Sex Intimacy in the Navy (1821)

part 4|57 pages

Naval Buggery Scandals

chapter 1|16 pages

“Is it Not What Great Men do?”

The Edward Rigby Scandal (1698)

chapter 2|2 pages

The HMS Stag Affair

Captain Henry Angel (1762, 1805)

chapter 3|5 pages

“But for This Detestable Propensity”

Lieutenant William Berry (1807)

chapter 4|32 pages

“Guilty of an Abominable Offence”

Naval Surgeon James Nehemiah Taylor (1809)

part 6|50 pages

The Victorian Navy

chapter 1|9 pages

“Considered the Prisoner as a Father”

The Lieutenant Richard Inman Scandal (1838)

chapter 2|2 pages

“So Full an Acquittal”

The Trials of Lieutenant Lionel R. Place (1842)

chapter 3|17 pages

“To Throw Himself upon the Protection of the Publick”

Defending Lieutenant Henry Stokes (1844–1845)

chapter 4|6 pages

“Revolting Charges against a Naval Officer”

Lieutenant George Armitage Brings a Perjury Accusation (1862–1864)

chapter 5|4 pages

“Charged with Insobriety and Indecency”

The Trial of Lieutenant Frederick W. Kuper (1871)

chapter 6|4 pages

“Foul Offence and Exemplary Punishment”

The Trial and Flight of Navigating Sub-Lieutenant William Renwick (1873)

chapter 7|6 pages

“In the Water Closet of a CafÉ at Gibraltar”

The Trial of Seamen Robert Simpson and Henry Keenor (1874)