ABSTRACT
In this chapter we illustrate the ideas of the previous chapters by describing how they might be applied to water quality management problems in two of the great industrial river valleys of the United States —the Ohio and the Delaware. The Ohio case is largely hypothetical, but in regard to the Delaware there are empirical results to report. The study of the Delaware illustrates the kind of information which it would be useful to have before an effluent charges system is implemented to achieve a stream standard, i.e., a specified level of water quality. In a final section we describe some experiences where charges have been levied on effluents on a smaller scale—by municipalities on industries discharging to municipal sewer systems and by industries on internal units to control the magnitude and nature of effluents.
