ABSTRACT
A country of pastoral nomads, Mongolia was ruled by China during the Qing dynasty (1644-1911), although Mongolia actually ruled China during the Yuan dynasty (1271-1368).
The Mongols under Genghis Khan invaded China in the thirteenth century and they established their capital at Beijing (meaning ‘northern capital’). The Mongol Yuan dynasty ruled for nearly a hundred years until the Mongols were expelled by the Ming in 1368.
