ABSTRACT
How may we attempt to delineate the main differences and similarities in the impact that genetic research has had on the identities of the two groups and in their overall response to the tests? Both the Lemba and the Bene Israel have had historical experiences which are not dissimilar. They have been unable to prove that their own cherished narratives of origin are true. They have both been ridiculed and belittled because of them. Now they have what they regard as proof of the authenticity of their traditions. The outside interest in this genetic research on the Lemba and Indian Jews derives mainly from the fact that it helps to prove theories of origin profoundly important to both groups but about which historians had severe reservations. However, one should bear in mind that the two groups are organised quite differently. The Bene Israel, notwithstanding their mysterious origins, have developed into a Jewish community very much like any other in the world. In Bombay there is a full range of community organisations, synagogues, prayer halls, community journals etc. The Lemba on the other hand have but one specifically Lemba organisation the Lemba Cultural Association which is run by a small body of elders and which has very poor outreach to the bulk of the community. In addition the Bene Israel practice Judaism in a way which would be recognisable to Jews anywhere. The vast majority of the Lemba practice Christianity, often belong to well-organised churches and indeed many of them are extremely pious Christians. The differences in the way the genetic tests affected the narratives of origin of the two groups and the way they are perceived in the outside world in some measure derive from these factors.
