ABSTRACT
Congo-Kinshasa has only a short sea coast; Zambia and Zimbabwe are landlocked. Exploitation of their minerals (31) led to the building of rail links through Angola, Mozambique and South Africa; while those areas remained under white rule, the inland states’ dependence on these links was of special importance. In the 1970s the Tazara (Tanzania-Zambia Railway) line was built, with Chinese help, to give Zambia an alternative outlet to the sea.
