ABSTRACT
Before Morocco became independent in 1956 most of it was under French control, but Spain held zones in the north and the south, and Tangier was an international zone. Spain retained an enclave at Ifni until 1969, and it still holds Ceuta and Melilla (25). As the only remaining European territories in Africa, they attract migrants from North and West Africa who seek admittance to the EU; construction of border barriers has driven some to go by way of the Canary Islands instead.
