ABSTRACT
The main concern of this chapter will be to introduce experimental data relating to flow in pipes and fittings. We shall confine our attention to fluids of constant viscosity and constant density. The results are applicable to gases provided that density changes are small. Aspects of fluid flow through pipes are discussed elsewhere in this book. Consideration has already been given to laminar flow through straight circular pipes and annuli in Chapter 6. A more detailed analysis of turbulent flow in straight pipes requires boundary-layer theory, and some consideration will be given to this in Chapter 8. Pipes or conduits that are not completely full of flowing fluid (e.g. sewers and culverts) are in effect open channels and these are treated separately in Chapter 10. The flow of compressible fluids is discussed in Chapter 11.
