ABSTRACT
Passive fire protection of tunnel linings has become an important issue following a spate of fires in the past decade in which the structural integrity of the concrete lining was impaired. Fire safety in tunnels applies to both the safety of people and the safety of the structure. The fire safety design of tunnels has traditionally placed a higher priority on issues relating to the safety of people, since the latter is considered merely as an economic issue. Nevertheless, structural integrity in fire does impact upon people in a number of ways, for example, heavy objects and/or hot spalled concrete falling on people, or flooding when the tunnel lining is breached. In addition. there are the financial and socio-economic impacts, including costs of repair, loss of service, and impact upon the local and wider economy. This paper will examine methods of fire protection for tunnel linings that are relevant to shotcreted surfaces.
