ABSTRACT
Industry’s view of academia as a source of intellectual property, prior to BayhDole, was exemplified in a 1980 survey in which 56 firms were asked why they funded research at universities.2 Multiple answers were possible. The reasons cited are shown in Table 3. The last of the reasons cited is a good working definition of a proprietary advantage; in 1980 it was the last reason that companies looked to universities.
