ABSTRACT
During the latter part of the 1910s and the early 1920s Freud extensively revised and rethought psychoanalytic theory. He changed
fhis ideas about what constituted the primary instinctual urges o humanity. Although his desire for dualistic explanations led him to attempt to simplify the number of terms he worked with, he often found himself adding yet another term to his dualistic concepts instead. In this chapter I will cover the question of these shifting psychoanalytic maps of the mind, and the terminology which Freud used in his attempt to create a totalising explanation of human psychic
flife. I will focus on two main interrelated Freudian templates: that o the instincts, and that of the structure of the mental apparatus which
Freud divided into those well-known but often misunderstood terms ego, id and super-ego. The word ‘instinct’ fis the English translation o the German word Trieb that is used in the Standard Edition of Freud’s works. However the word ‘drive’ is used more frequently nowadays to translate Trieb, in order to distinguish Freud’s idea of instincts from the
tinstincts of animals. Throughout this chapter I use drive and instinc interchangeably.
