ABSTRACT
A long chapter in JCH (ch. 8) examined the various sects and movements. Probably no other section of the book has dated as quickly. In a few cases, there is nothing really new to add (e.g. with the Herodians), and the reader is referred to the appropriate section of JCH for discussion; the scribes are discussed at pp. 150-52 above. For a number of groups, however, the debate has moved on considerably, and the discussion here supersedes my earlier one. Primarily examined are the beginnings of sectarianism (including the Hasidim), the Sadducees and Pharisees, and the Essenes. Certain “revolutionary movements” are discussed in Chapter 13 below.
