ABSTRACT
A type of illocution that attempts to elicit particular information, typically in the form of an answer. ( also interrogative)
Sentence mood which characterizes sentence content as ‘known through hearsay’ and which therefore relieves the speaker of any responsibility for the accuracy of what was said. In many languages the quotative is its own morphological category; in other languages other modal categories subsume the quotative function. Note, for example, the use of the subjunctive in the English sentence Phil said he would dine with us tomorrow evening. ( also direct vs indirect discourse, evidentiality)
References
Palmer, F.R. 1986. Mood and modality. Cambridge. direct vs indirect discourse, evidentiality, modality
1 Speech sound classified according to its articulator (radix=root of the tongue). As a rule, radicals are divided into uvulars (e.g. ) and pharyngeals (e.g. [ħ], ), depending on their place of articulation. ( also articulatory phonetics, phonetics)
References
phonetics 2 Chinese writing
In transformational grammar, a rule for deriving certain infinitive constructions by which the subject noun phrase of an embedded sentence is ‘raised’ into the subject or object position of the matrix sentence in the transition from deep structure to surface structure. The rest of the sentence is marked as ‘infinitive.’ The so-called accusative plus infinitive constructions were considered to be cases of raising in the early phases of transformational grammar: Caroline let/heard her brother come, in which the ‘logical’ or deep structure subject of come is raised to the ‘grammatical’ or surface structure object of let/hear (see Postal 1974). In later theories, object raising was discarded in favor of a non-transformational analysis. Constructions with auxiliary-like expressions are described as raising into the subject position: Philip seems [—to read a lot]. Whereas in constructions with control of a logical argument of the infinitive, the matrix verb (=control verb) must have a semantic argument as ‘controller,’ it is a characteristic of raising constructions that the grammatical subject of the matrix predicate is not the logical subject of the matrix verb (the so-called raising verb), but only of the embedded verb. This becomes clear in the paraphrase It seems that Philip reads a lot, in which Philip is not the logical argument of the raising verb seem. In the movement of quantified
(quantifier) raising.
