ABSTRACT
European intellectuals after Marx were less sanguine, and his gloom about human alienation and intensification of class struggle may have been extreme but was not untypical. On the right of the political spectrum there was similar pessimism about loss of community and mass irrationality. Max Weber viewed the rationalisation of the world as a process in which we know less and less about the conditions of our everyday lives: 'The savage knows incomparably more about his tools.'3
