ABSTRACT
This chapter describes the model for institutional practice. It discusses differing strategies for 'Action', embodied in the Context, Actions, and Outcomes (CAO) model that has direct implications for Black male recruitment, retention, and student affairs programming. The chapter provides an in-depth description of practice recommendations based on three 'Action' elements: partnerships, climates, and programs. The three areas are highlighted given that researchers have been more diligent in evaluating strategies in these areas. The importance of partnerships was identified as a core institutional responsibility in the CAO model. Specifically, partnerships that foster college preparedness and fluid transitions between institutions. The primary purpose of affirmative action is to promote access and equity for under-represented minorities in programs using federal funds. A core institutional responsibility identified in the 'Action' domain of the CAO model is the creating institutional climates that foster affirmation and critical agency.
