ABSTRACT
Claude Bernard is the father of modern biomedicine. The AMA claims he set down the principles of experimental medicine, and bench scientists who wish to provide a scientific justification of animal experimentation often cite Bernard as their intellectual progenitor. Nobel Prize winner Sir Peter Medawar shows his deep admiration for Bernard when he says: "The wisest judgements on scientific method ever made by a working scientist were indeed those of a great biologist, Claude Bernard" (1987: 73). More than a century after his death, his basic methodological assumptions permeate the theory and practice of biomedicine.
