ABSTRACT
SUMMARY Much of the study of Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) has been technology led. It is argued that what is needed is more research which begins with the study of a particular task rather than with the study of a particular kind of technology. A theory of total design is outlined in an attempt to summarize what is known about the best kinds of practice in engineering product design. The theory is used to assess the effects of new technology under the headings of speech acts, message systems, and collaborative work. It is concluded that CSCW involves complex technical and social interventions which need to be properly managed. Major gains are to be found from organizing the process of engineering design according to the principles of total design. It is concluded that information technology has most to offer by helping to integrate the contributions of geographically separate groups. Attempts to reduce the process losses associated with face-to-face groups have met with limited success.
