ABSTRACT
In all speech communities where nonstandard variants exist, certain forms are stigmatised. The stigmatised forms may relate to pronunciation (girl rhyming with oil, ’ouse for house or walkin’ for walking), to choice of words (a brave day for a fine/good day, lonesome for lonely), to prepositional use (for to go instead of to go, take for instead of take after), to verb forms (I seen for I saw, he shoulda went for he should have gone).
