Rural inequality and gender

The presence and persistence of transnational gender inequality has been a subject of intense scrutiny by scholars, leading to a quite sizable literature, although there remain differing perspectives and conclusions. Within the extensive literature on gender inequality scholars have traditionally focused on gender relations, gender roles, gender identities, and gendered-job segregation across both time and political system. ¹ In addition, the transition from a command economy raises new questions about the impact of reform institutions on gender inequality in non-Western nations. The transition to a market economy in former communist countries has opened avenues for research into gender-based adaptive/survival strategies in transitional societies. ²