ABSTRACT
Moreover, it is now well established that effective scientific support comprises contributions from several disciplines. Consequently, researchers and practitioners have to be able to recognise the limits of their expertise and know when to seek the advice and guidance of others. Similarly, a detailed understanding of techniques and procedures to assess the validity and reproducibility of measures is an essential competency that sport and exercise scientists must possess. It is important to know the extent to which an apparent change in a measure is meaningful and does not lie within a confidence interval for error. As differences in performance can be measured in small fractions, the identification of what is meaningful can be obscured by random error.
