ABSTRACT
Seminars are designed for collaborative learning but collaborative learning does not mean students will only have cooperative conversations that end in consensus, nor does it mean that all discussions should end by agreeing to disagree. What is essential in seminar is agreeing that disagreements will occur and that there are many ways to express disagreement that will stimulate new ideas and more learning. Learning is a lot of work, and students need to test their own ideas, and react to those of others, challenging or critiquing those ideas.
