ABSTRACT
The neurotransmitters associated with wakefulness include acetylcholine, glutamate, and norepinephrine [1]. Wakefulness is enhanced by histamine release from posterior hypothalamic neurons and other neurons containing neuropeptides (substance P, corticotropin-releasing factor, thyrotropin-releasing factor, and vasoactive intestinal peptide). Sleep arises not only from a decreased release of these neurotransmitters but also from an increase release of other transmitters, such as adenosine, -y-aminobutyric acid (GABA), serotonin, and a variety of peptides after activation of specific areas of the brain [2,3].
