ABSTRACT
Athletes need shoulders with the functional mobility and stability necessary to cope with the speeds, loads, ranges and repetitions of their sports. Depending on the sport, shoulders can be subjected to considerable stresses. For example the shoulders of competitive swimmers who cover 10 kilometres per day will accumulate 4,000 revolutions in daily training, whilst the highest recorded angular velocities of any human motion are achieved by the shoulders of a professional baseball pitcher, reaching speeds of more than 7,000°/sec. 1
