ABSTRACT
On 5 August 1963 America, Britain and the USSR signed a partial test ban treaty in Moscow. Although the treaty meant an end to all nuclear tests in the atmosphere, in space and underwater, and was undoubtedly a victory for all those who had campaigned against nuclear tests as well as, in Russell’s view, “a first step towards the ending of the Cold War,” 1 Russell remained apprehensive about the future, especially in view of the Chinese Government’s opposition to the treaty. China regarded the treaty as evidence of rapprochement between the U.S. and the USSR directed against China. Russell believed that the retention of this attitude by the Chinese, coupled with the prospect that she was certain to soon have her own nuclear weapons, would be “an increasingly dangerous obstacle to world peace.” 2
