ABSTRACT

When the financial crisis struck Indonesia in 1997, it had a devastating effect on every aspect of Indonesia’s socio-economic and political system. The timing of this crisis vis-à-vis the PROPER program was particularly bad because it was only the third year for the program and several aspects of the environ mental disclosure system were still being formed. The worst blow to the PROPER program came in 1998, when Nabiel Makarim resigned from the government amidst political differences with the then Minster of Environment, Panangian Siregar.