ABSTRACT

Content All kinds of skills: reproductive skills, productive skills, abilities, competen-• cies

Learners All learners, including all k-12, corporate, higher education and others.•

Learning environments All environments, as long as there is appropriate space and equipment for • practicing skills

Instructional development constraints All levels of resource availability•

Values (opinions about what is important)

about ends (learning goals) It is important to ensure that all parts of the skills-cycle have been learned • (receive signal, perceive and interpret, decide on action, take action).