ABSTRACT
This chapter explores the rather more provocative notion that some learners’ gestures are directly related to grammar. It considers the systematic relationship between gestures and speech in L2 in the domain of pronominal reference in discourse, and investigates whether learners may use gestures to overcome grammatical difficulties related to pronoun use in L2. The analyses presented here are intended to shed new light on the existing accounts of the L2 phenomenon in speech and to provide new insights into both L2 language use and L2 acquisition.
