ABSTRACT
Cities in the United States are the most racially segregated urban areas in the world. 1 The segregated residential structure of U. S. cities reflects discrimination in housing markets that systematically limits the housing options available to minorities, particularly African Americans. At the same time that many African Americans reside in deteriorating urban ghettos, affluent Euro-Americans maintain the system of racial segregation by creating exclusionary gated communities; their fear of the demonized “other” ameliorated by guards, security cameras, and walls. 2 The divided urban landscape of early twenty-firstcentury America is characterized by mutual distrust, fear, exclusion, and economic and social discrimination.
