ABSTRACT
In the early days, when our field consisted of experimental psychologists
applying the principles of behavior to “subjects” they encountered on the
residential units of institutions, there was no question about where the re-
sponsibility lay; it was clearly with the employer. These pioneer behavior
analysts most often had no training in clinical psychology. They believed
that behavior could be changed using procedures derived from learning
theory. The “client” (although that term was not used initially) was their
employer. In some cases, the parents of a child were the “clients.”
