ABSTRACT
The scientific study of creativity dates back at least to 1869, when Francis Galton published his Hereditary Genius (Simonton, 2003). Galton argued that genius was born rather than made: He considered “natural ability” the most important factor for creative achievement. In the scientific literature and consistent with Galton’s individual differences approach, creativity is often defined as an individual-level phenomenon. Mumford and Gustafson (1988), for example, defined creativity as
Although the situation may exert an influence on creative behavior, creativity still is largely assumed to be an individual act.
