ABSTRACT

I closed the last chapter by observing that some group performances, although unscripted, are nonetheless highly structured and may be repeated on multiple occasions with relatively little variation. Many unwritten musical traditions are relatively fixed, and do not involve improv as in a jazz ensemble. Yet every performance of an unscored traditional song involves some degree of group creativity-there is al­ ways variation in performance even when the traditional style and song are well-known to all the performers.