ABSTRACT
An appreciation of the multifactorial etiology of juvenile antisocial behaviors, as well as efforts to determine the relative importance of these multiple causes, dates back to early in the 20th century (e.g., C. L. Burt, 1925; Healy, 1915). Healy, director of the Psychopathic Institute of the Juvenile Court of Chicago, examined the case records of 823 juvenile delinquents to identify the most frequently occurring causative factors. Two of the most common causes identified by Healy were “defective home conditions, including alcoholism,” and “defects of heredity” (Healy, 1915, as cited in Reckless & Smith, 1932, p. 199).
