ABSTRACT

This chapter presents an overview of rules for critical discussion and fallacies. Some of the rules for critical discussion and fallacies includes: freedom rule, burden-of-proof rule, standpoint rule, relevance rule, unexpressed premise rule and starting point rule. Violations of rule 1 by the protagonist or the antagonist at the confrontation stage of fallacies concerns placing limits on standpoints or doubts, restricting the other party's freedom of action. Violations of rule 8 by the protagonist at the argumentation stage of fallacies concerns reasoning that treats a sufficient condition as a necessary condition, reasoning that confuses the properties ofparts and wholes. Violations of rule 9 by the protagonist or the antagonist at the concluding stage of fallacies concerns meddling with the conclusion by the nist, meddling with the conclusion by the antagonist. Violations of rule 10 by the protagonist or the antagonist at all the discussion stages of fallacies concerns misusing unclarity and misusing ambiguity.