ABSTRACT
Although a scapegoat was a powerful instrument by which to deal with the problem of sin in the camp, it did not repair the relationship between the of-
fender and the Transcendent. For that, the Hebrew Scriptures required the ritualistic sacrifice of a bull, a lamb, or (for especially poor families) 2 turtledoves (the Christian counterpart of this ritual presents Jesus Christ as the Perfect Lamb). Likewise, for an institution accused of acting incongruent with public values, a ritualistic sacrifice is necessary to purge that guilt. This often requires organizations and institutions to utilize a mortification strategy in which guilt is accepted.
